Does my Form 1099-NEC income need to be reported on a Schedule C as business income?
If the income is self-employment income, then it needs to be reported as business income on a Schedule C.
Since the income is considered self-employment income, you'll pay self-employment taxes on the income. If you believe this is incorrect and you should have been issued a Form W-2 instead, you'll need to contact your employer and ask them to issue you a W-2 instead of a 1099-NEC.